Anxiety, Self-Esteem, and Confidence: How They Shape Children’s Learning—and How Teachers Can Help

Anxiety, self-esteem, and self-confidence play a powerful role in how children learn and engage at school. When students feel anxious, their brains are often in “survival mode,” making it hard to concentrate, take risks, or absorb new information. Even mild anxiety—like fear of making mistakes or being called on—can make learning feel unsafe. Over time, this can lead to withdrawal, avoidance, or frustration in the classroom.

Low self-esteem can make these challenges even bigger. A child who doubts their abilities may approach learning with a fixed mindset: “I can’t do this.” These negative self-beliefs limit curiosity and persistence. Similarly, low self-confidence can prevent students from participating, asking questions, or trying new strategies—all of which are essential for growth and mastery.

Teachers play a crucial role in breaking this cycle. By building safe, supportive learning environments, they can help students feel seen, valued, and capable. Simple strategies can make a big difference: greeting students warmly, offering specific praise that focuses on effort, and creating predictable routines can lower anxiety and build trust. Encouraging a growth mindset—reminding students that mistakes are part of learning—helps boost confidence and resilience.

Giving students voice and choice also strengthens their self-esteem. When children feel they have some control over their learning, they’re more likely to take risks and believe in their abilities. Teaching coping strategies, like deep breathing or positive self-talk, can also help students manage anxious moments.

Ultimately, when children feel emotionally safe, valued, and capable, they learn more effectively. By nurturing emotional well-being alongside academic skills, teachers help students build the confidence and self-esteem they need to thrive—in school and beyond.